- Research Article
- Open access
- Published:
Stability Problems of Quintic Mappings in Quasi--Normed Spaces
Journal of Inequalities and Applications volume 2010, Article number: 368981 (2010)
Abstract
We investigate the generalized Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability problem in quasi--normed spaces and then the stability by using a subadditive function for the quintic function such that , for all .
1. Introduction
In 1940 Ulam [1] proposed the problem concerning the stability of group homomorphisms as follows.Letbe a group and letbe a metric group with the metric. Given that, does there exist asuch that if a functionsatisfies the inequalityfor allthen there is a homomorphismwithfor all? In other words, when is it true that a mapping satisfying a functional equation approximately must be close to the solution of the given functional equation ? In 1941, Hyers [2] considered the case of approximately additive mappings under the assumption that and are Banach spaces.
The famous Hyers stability result that appeared in [2] was generalized by Aoki [3] for the stability of the additive mapping involving a sum of powers of -norms. In 1978, Th. M. Rassias [4] provided a generalization of Hyers' Theorem for the stability of the linear mapping, which allows the Cauchy difference to be unbounded. This result of Th. M. Rassias lead mathematicians working in stability of functional equations to establish what is known today as Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability or Cauchy-Rassias stability as well as to introduce new definitions of stability concepts. During the last three decades, several stability problems of a large variety of functional equations have been extensively studied and generalized by a number of authors [5–14]. In particular, J. M. Rassias [15] introduced the quartic functional equation
It is easy to see that is a solution of (1.1) by virtue of the identity
For this reason, (1.1) is called a quartic functional equation. Also Chung and Sahoo [16] determined the general solution of (1.1) without assuming any regularity conditions on the unknown function. In fact, they proved that the function is a solution of (1.1) if and only if where the function is symmetric and additive in each variable.
Similar to the quartic functional equation, we may define quintic functional equation as follows.
Definition 1.1.
Let be a linear space and let be a real complete linear space. Then a mapping is called quintic if the quintic functional equation
holds for all
Note that the mapping is called quintic because the following algebraic identity
holds for all .
Let be a real number with and let be either or We will consider the definition and some preliminary results of a quasi--norm on a linear space.
Definition 1.2.
Let be a linear space over a field A --norm is a real-valued function on satisfying the followings.
(1) for all and if and only if .
(2) for all and all .
(3)There is a constant such that for all .
The pair is called aquasi--normed space if is a quasi--norm on The smallest possible is called the modulus of concavity of A quasi-Banach space is a complete quasi--normed space.
A quasi--norm is called a -norm ( if for all In this case, a quasi--Banach space is called a -Banach space; see [17–19].
In this paper, we consider the following quintic functional equation:
for all We investigate the generalized Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability problem in quasi--normed spaces and then the stability by using a subadditive function for the quintic function satisfying (1.5).
2. Quintic Functional Equations
Lemma 2.1.
Let be a quintic mapping satisfying (1.3). Then
(1), for all and ,
(2)
(3) is an odd mapping,
Proof.
-
(1)
Letting in (1.3), we have
(2.1)
that is, , for all . Now inductively replacing by , we have the desired result. (2) Putting in (1.3),
Hence (3) Letting in (1.3), we get
for all By (1) and (2), we have
for all Thus it is an odd mapping.
Note that for all and .
3. Stabilities
Throughout this section, let be a quasi--normed space and let be a quasi--Banach space with a quasi--norm . Let be the modulus of concavity of . We will investigate the generalized Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability problem for the functional equation (1.5). After that we will study the stability by using a subadditive function. For a given mapping , let
for all .
Theorem 3.1.
Suppose that there exists a mapping for which a mapping satisfies
and the series converges for all Then there exists a unique quintic mapping which satisfies (1.3) and the inequality
for all
Proof.
By letting in the inequality (3.2), we have
that is,
for all Now, replacing by and multiplying in the inequality (3.5), we get
for all Combining the two equations (3.5) and (3.6), we have
for all Inductively, since we have
for all For all and with and inductively switching and and multiplying in the inequality (3.5), we have
for all Since the right-hand side of the previous inequality tends to 0 as hence is a Cauchy sequence in the quasi--Banach space Thus we may define
for all Since , replacing and by and respectively, and dividing by in the inequality (3.2), we have
for all By taking the definition of implies that satisfies (1.3) for all that is, is the quintic mapping. Also, the inequality (3.8) implies the inequality (3.3). Now, it remains to show the uniqueness. Assume that there exists satisfying (1.3) and (3.3). Lemma 2.1 implies that and for all . Then
for all By letting we immediately have the uniqueness of
Theorem 3.2.
Suppose that there exists a mapping for which a mapping satisfies
and the series converges for all Then there exists a unique quintic mapping which satisfies (1.3) and the inequality
for all
Proof.
If is replaced by in the inequality (3.5), then the proof follows from the proof of Theorem 3.1.
Now we will recall a subadditive function and then investigate the stability under the condition that the space is a -Banach space. The basic definitions of subadditive functions follow from [19].
A function having a domain and a codomain that are both closed under addition is called
(1)a subadditive function if ,
(2)a contractively subadditive function if there exists a constant with such that ,
(3)an expansively superadditive function if there exists a constant with such that ,
for all .
Theorem 3.3.
Suppose that there exists a mapping for which a mapping satisfies
for all and the map is contractively subadditive with a constant such that Then there exists a unique quintic mapping which satisfies (1.3) and the inequality
for all
Proof.
By the inequalities (3.5) and (3.9) of the proof of Theorem 3.1, we have
that is,
for all and for all and with Hence is a Cauchy sequence in the space Thus we may define
for all Now, we will show that the map is a generalized quintic mapping. Then
for all Hence the mapping is a quintic mapping. Note that the inequality (3.18) implies the inequality (3.16) by letting and taking Assume that there exists satisfying (1.5) and (3.16). We know that for all Then
that is,
for all By letting , we immediately have the uniqueness of .
Theorem 3.4.
Suppose that there exists a mapping for which a mapping satisfies
for all and the map is expansively superadditive with a constant such that Then there exists a unique quintic mapping which satisfies (1.3) and the inequality
for all
Proof.
By letting in (3.23), we have
and then replacing by ,
for all . For all and with , inductively we have
for all . The remains follow from the proof of Theorem 3.3.
References
Ulam SM: Problems in Modern Mathematics. Wiley, New York, NY, USA; 1960.
Hyers DH: On the stability of the linear functional equation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 1941, 27: 222–224. 10.1073/pnas.27.4.222
Aoki T: On the stability of the linear transformation in Banach spaces. Journal of the Mathematical Society of Japan 1950, 2: 64–66. 10.2969/jmsj/00210064
Rassias ThM: On the stability of the linear mapping in Banach spaces. Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society 1978, 72(2):297–300. 10.1090/S0002-9939-1978-0507327-1
Bae J-H, Park W-G: On the generalized Hyers-Ulam-Rassias stability in Banach modules over a -algebra. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 2004, 294(1):196–205. 10.1016/j.jmaa.2004.02.009
Czerwik S: On the stability of the quadratic mapping in normed spaces. Abhandlungen aus dem Mathematischen Seminar der Universität Hamburg 1992, 62: 59–64. 10.1007/BF02941618
Czerwik S: Functional Equations and Inequalities in Several Variables. World Scientific, River Edge, NJ, USA; 2002:x+410.
Gajda Z: On stability of additive mappings. International Journal of Mathematics and Mathematical Sciences 1991, 14(3):431–434. 10.1155/S016117129100056X
Hyers DH, Rassias ThM: Approximate homomorphisms. Aequationes Mathematicae 1992, 44(2–3):125–153. 10.1007/BF01830975
Rassias ThM: On the stability of functional equations and a problem of Ulam. Acta Applicandae Mathematicae 2000, 62(1):23–130. 10.1023/A:1006499223572
Hyers DH, Isac G, Rassias ThM: Stability of Functional Equations in Several Variables, Progress in Nonlinear Differential Equations and Their Applications, 34. Birkhäuser, Boston, Mass, USA; 1998:vi+313.
Rassias ThM: On the stability of functional equations in Banach spaces. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 2000, 251(1):264–284. 10.1006/jmaa.2000.7046
Rassias ThM, Šemrl P: On the Hyers-Ulam stability of linear mappings. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 1993, 173(2):325–338. 10.1006/jmaa.1993.1070
Rassias ThM, Shibata K: Variational problem of some quadratic functionals in complex analysis. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 1998, 228(1):234–253. 10.1006/jmaa.1998.6129
Rassias JM: Solution of the Ulam stability problem for quartic mappings. Glasnik Matematički. Serija III 1999, 34(2):243–252.
Chung JK, Sahoo PK: On the general solution of a quartic functional equation. Bulletin of the Korean Mathematical Society 2003, 40(4):565–576.
Benyamini Y, Lindenstrauss J: Geometric Nonlinear Functional Analysis. Vol. 1, American Mathematical Society Colloquium Publications. Volume 48. American Mathematical Society, Providence, RI, USA; 2000:xii+488.
Rolewicz S: Metric Linear Spaces. 2nd edition. PWN-Polish Scientific Publishers, Warsaw, Poland; 1984:xi+459.
Rassias JM, Kim H-M: Generalized Hyers-Ulam stability for general additive functional equations in quasi--normed spaces. Journal of Mathematical Analysis and Applications 2009, 356(1):302–309. 10.1016/j.jmaa.2009.03.005
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
Open Access This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 2.0 International License ( https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0 ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
About this article
Cite this article
Cho, I., Kang, D. & Koh, H. Stability Problems of Quintic Mappings in Quasi--Normed Spaces. J Inequal Appl 2010, 368981 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/368981
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1155/2010/368981